A neuroscientist discusses the natural course of memory and cognitive changes with aging, and how these changes do not imply significant memory deficits affecting leadership capabilities.

In an essay, neuroscientist Charan Ranganath addresses concerns over President Biden's cognitive abilities, emphasizing the distinction between normal age-related memory lapses and significant memory loss. Ranganath clarifies that occasional forgetfulness is a common aspect of aging and does not necessarily impact one's ability to perform in high-demand roles. He points out differences between minor memory slips, termed as 'retrieval failures,' and major memory loss, explaining how typical aging affects the prefrontal cortex, leading to these memory changes without indicating profound cognitive impairments.